Protocol

bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)

bpRNA-TS0 · INF. Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.

Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF

10 evaluations · 40 metric rows

At a glance

Explanatory profile: limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-17. Review applies to the cited claims; unresolved fields are listed below. Numerical results retain their own review status.

How it works

Evaluation in this paper

Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.

Evaluation design

Benchmarks bring together tasks and protocols. A task describes the biological question; a protocol defines a particular test.

Tasks

These source-backed links do not make different protocols or scores interchangeable.

Recorded evaluations

Each evaluation records what was tested and under which conditions.

Published comparisons

Explore the results reported under one evaluation protocol. Each figure keeps its source, dataset and metric together; it is not a ranking across studies.

Comparison and metric

bpRNA-TS0 · INF

INF (unitless) · Higher values are better for this metric.

Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.

Evaluation protocol · bpRNA-TS0

BPfold · Configuration · Author-reported evaluation0.670
SPOT-RNA · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.634
MXfold2 · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.587
ContextFold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.526
CONTRAfold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.557
EternaFold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.553
LinearFold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.539
RNAfold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.522
SimFold · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.520
RNAstructure · Configuration · Independent external evaluation0.520

Source order is preserved. Plotted marks show point estimates; uncertainty, where reported, is retained in the printed values and table. Differences do not establish statistical significance.

Values, uncertainty and evidence

INF: original source values
Tested entity	Printed value	Uncertainty	Evidence
BPfold · Configuration	0.670 unitless	Not reported	Author-reported evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
SPOT-RNA · Configuration	0.634 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
MXfold2 · Configuration	0.587 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
ContextFold · Configuration	0.526 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
CONTRAfold · Configuration	0.557 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
EternaFold · Configuration	0.553 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
LinearFold · Configuration	0.539 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
RNAfold · Configuration	0.522 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
SimFold · Configuration	0.520 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF
RNAstructure · Configuration	0.520 unitless	Not reported	Independent external evaluation · source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF

Scope and limitations

Within each dataset and metric only. Distinct training data, thermodynamic priors and learned methods are retained; dataset size is not a base-pair denominator. These are BPfold-author evaluations of external methods, not Rewire reproductions. Origins are labelled per method; appearance in one table does not constitute independent replication of every model.

Source transcription and grouping reviewed by automated source review on 2026-09-17. These experiments were not independently reproduced by rewire.

Tested entities and results

Release 2026-09-17-d277315f7d76 · 10 evaluations · 40 metric rows. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Evaluation setupMetricEvidence origin

Results grouped by the exact reported evaluation
Metric and finding	Coverage and uncertainty	Evidence
BPfold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: BPfoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Author-reported evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.670 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.599 Precision Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.770 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
EternaFold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: EternaFoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.539 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.663 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.553 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.475 Precision Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision Source checking is not independent reproduction.
CONTRAfold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: CONTRAfoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.557 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.547 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.625 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
ContextFold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: ContextFoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.477 Precision Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.516 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
RNAstructure: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: RNAstructureProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.507 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.520 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
LinearFold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: LinearFoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.530 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.539 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.539 Precision Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision Source checking is not independent reproduction.
SPOT-RNA: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: SPOT-RNAProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.694 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.625 F1 Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1 Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.634 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
RNAfold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: RNAfoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.522 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.631 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
SimFold: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: SimFoldProtocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.520 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.
0.626 Recall Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall Source checking is not independent reproduction.
MXfold2: bpRNA-TS0 Configuration: MXfold2Protocol: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure)Dataset: bpRNA-TS0 Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Independent external evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review
0.587 INF Unit: unitless · Direction: higher	Uncertainty: unreported Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported	source checkedDeep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Source checking is not independent reproduction.

Papers and result coverage

Last literature check: 2026-09-17. Dated primary-source discovery and protocol/table screening. Source checking does not mean experimental reproduction. Only separately extracted and independently reviewed numeric batches are publishable.

Paper or primary resource	Version	Reference
Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy	version of record	Read source DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60048-1

What is still missing

exact checkpoint hashes and per-method scored denominators: Table labels alone do not establish these fields; do not infer checkpoint or scored count from model name or dataset size.

Search and extraction details

complete tables extracted

Searches

Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy 10.1038/s41467-025-60048-1

Evidence locations

Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF

Strengths and limitations

Strengths and considerations

No source-reviewed explanatory claims are recorded here yet.

Limitations and conditions

No source-reviewed explanatory claims are recorded here yet.

Profile review details

Primary-source transcription and separate automated review. No human sign-off or experimental reproduction.

Stable record: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2

Evidence table

Trace each statement to its source and review. A context-only reference supports the record generally; it does not verify an individual field. Source checking does not reproduce an experiment.

One row per statement and cited source. Multiple citations are not independent evaluations. Shared locators are labelled explicitly.

4 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-09-17-d277315f7d76
Property and statement	Original source and location	Review and provenance
Evaluation in this paper Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Individual claims	Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy Original source ↗ Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Version: version of record Retrieved: 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00	source checked automated source review · 2026-09-17 Audit details Primary-source transcription and separate automated review. No human sign-off or experimental reproduction. Field: `attributes.profile.sections.0.body` Source artifact SHA-256: `976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Introduction bpRNA-TS0 · INF. Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics. Individual claims	Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy Original source ↗ Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Version: version of record Retrieved: 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00	source checked automated source review · 2026-09-17 Audit details Primary-source transcription and separate automated review. No human sign-off or experimental reproduction. Field: `attributes.profile.summary` Source artifact SHA-256: `976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Relationship: evaluates task catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure Individual claims	Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy Original source ↗ Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Version: version of record Retrieved: 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00	source checked automated source review · 2026-09-17 Audit details Field: `links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure` Claim: paper-claim-e8258aa43fc8a44431 Source artifact SHA-256: `976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Relationship: evaluates task reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935 Individual claims	Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy Original source ↗ Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF Version: version of record Retrieved: 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00	source checked automated source review · 2026-09-17 Audit details Field: `links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935` Claim: paper-claim-a931b2ca994c264ed6 Source artifact SHA-256: `976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact

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Sources and history

Release 2026-09-17-d277315f7d76 · Record review: needs review

Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy · Original source · version of record

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Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2

areas: rna-transcriptomes
tasks: RNA secondary structure
entity level: protocol
protocol: Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.
comparison panels: id: bpfold-2025-tab1-bprna-ts0-inf; title: bpRNA-TS0 · INF; protocol id: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2; dataset id: paper-dataset-9a595197e5581413b6; metric: INF; unit: unitless; direction: higher; result ids: paper-result-0458271bb982e75179; paper-result-5a1624fdb7640263f2; paper-result-7b916d75babf7a4d06; paper-result-e8e6954c70547446a1; paper-result-0da7bdbbf7b43c8456; paper-result-5249c6fca0adf30079; paper-result-5ebc9d5244115922e3; paper-result-66830706f75e525dbf; paper-result-711a4c604b04a9b0f2; paper-result-53887e7500c1cf009e; source ids: bpfold-2025; source locator: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; context: Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.; caveats: Within each dataset and metric only. Distinct training data, thermodynamic priors and learned methods are retained; dataset size is not a base-pair denominator. These are BPfold-author evaluations of external methods, not Rewire reproductions. Origins are labelled per method; appearance in one table does not constitute independent replication of every model.; review: method: automated_source_review; date: 2026-09-17; id: bpfold-2025-tab1-bprna-ts0-f1; title: bpRNA-TS0 · F1; protocol id: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2; dataset id: paper-dataset-9a595197e5581413b6; metric: F1; unit: unitless; direction: higher; result ids: paper-result-f0f7111a6ec6426675; paper-result-4cd8df587d039cd7e1; paper-result-a5fe28b91e06263870; paper-result-8a436775a6db0626a1; paper-result-681cbde13cc79ef7ca; paper-result-0a1d1b57a38ce34e75; paper-result-35d6ca02cce090966b; paper-result-dcf0e23f78d1cb6fc0; paper-result-c536ed0e0b21471c4e; paper-result-1ccf4abe34808409ff; source ids: bpfold-2025; source locator: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 3: bpRNA-TS0 F1; context: Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.; caveats: Within each dataset and metric only. Distinct training data, thermodynamic priors and learned methods are retained; dataset size is not a base-pair denominator. These are BPfold-author evaluations of external methods, not Rewire reproductions. Origins are labelled per method; appearance in one table does not constitute independent replication of every model.; review: method: automated_source_review; date: 2026-09-17; id: bpfold-2025-tab1-bprna-ts0-precision; title: bpRNA-TS0 · Precision; protocol id: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2; dataset id: paper-dataset-9a595197e5581413b6; metric: Precision; unit: unitless; direction: higher; result ids: paper-result-11c1675cb5828808ab; paper-result-cb40146a919da9086a; paper-result-b78905513200ad10fe; paper-result-1069d4f8df9404d6e5; paper-result-deff3015ebe9868640; paper-result-5efbf1aebc52ee2283; paper-result-62e9fb6e2b7036a5d5; paper-result-ce1b188daa1f9f9fa6; paper-result-d7b4db6a7311486ac5; paper-result-bae3bdb96c31f1a771; source ids: bpfold-2025; source locator: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 4: bpRNA-TS0 Precision; context: Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.; caveats: Within each dataset and metric only. Distinct training data, thermodynamic priors and learned methods are retained; dataset size is not a base-pair denominator. These are BPfold-author evaluations of external methods, not Rewire reproductions. Origins are labelled per method; appearance in one table does not constitute independent replication of every model.; review: method: automated_source_review; date: 2026-09-17; id: bpfold-2025-tab1-bprna-ts0-recall; title: bpRNA-TS0 · Recall; protocol id: paper-protocol-208a8085432aa64eb2; dataset id: paper-dataset-9a595197e5581413b6; metric: Recall; unit: unitless; direction: higher; result ids: paper-result-84076a2caea4d91a05; paper-result-362a0ed0c13044cdfc; paper-result-9fcdf129530b83f00e; paper-result-b31f8dc93eb733d9c3; paper-result-889ce61bcef60c0f8c; paper-result-3b51165690d6d453ee; paper-result-c785e6f619ae381da7; paper-result-7b019b2b8bb9da3d29; paper-result-725d822668ea6d7acd; paper-result-d7a88bfa84a1748144; source ids: bpfold-2025; source locator: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 5: bpRNA-TS0 Recall; context: Sequence-wise RNA secondary-structure evaluation; macro-average canonical base-pair metrics.; caveats: Within each dataset and metric only. Distinct training data, thermodynamic priors and learned methods are retained; dataset size is not a base-pair denominator. These are BPfold-author evaluations of external methods, not Rewire reproductions. Origins are labelled per method; appearance in one table does not constitute independent replication of every model.; review: method: automated_source_review; date: 2026-09-17
benchmark research: review date: 2026-09-17; status: complete_tables_extracted; primary sources: bpfold-2025; inspected locators: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; searched queries: Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy 10.1038/s41467-025-60048-1; gaps: exact checkpoint hashes and per-method scored denominators: Table labels alone do not establish these fields; do not infer checkpoint or scored count from model name or dataset size.; claim scope: Dated primary-source discovery and protocol/table screening. Source checking does not mean experimental reproduction. Only separately extracted and independently reviewed numeric batches are publishable.
legacy kinds: benchmark
entity classification: review date: 2026-09-17; rationale: The source-backed record identifies a specified evaluated procedure and its dataset/split/scoring context. Classify it as a protocol while preserving version and comparison restrictions.; source ids: bpfold-2025; source locator: Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; ambiguities: None recorded

Related records

evaluates task: RNA secondary structure
evaluates task: RNA secondary structure
subject: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935
subject: bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure
benchmark: RNAstructure: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: SimFold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: EternaFold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: SPOT-RNA: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: RNAfold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: MXfold2: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: CONTRAfold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: ContextFold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: LinearFold: bpRNA-TS0
benchmark: BPfold: bpRNA-TS0

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