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benchmark · protocol

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction (AlphaGenome paper)

Can rare variants associated with abnormal splicing be distinguished from other rare variants?

AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

2 evaluations · 2 metric rows

At a glance

Explanatory profile: limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-17. Review applies to the cited claims; unresolved fields are listed below. Numerical results retain their own review status.

Data, procedure and scoring
PropertyDescription and evidence
Dataset and biological contextGTEx RNA-seq reprocessed with FRASER2.0/DROP1.3.3; rare variants near aberrant junctions paired by individual, following AbSplice processing.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
SplitSupervised training chromosomes are 1,4,7,8,10,13,15; validation chromosomes 2,5,11,14,17,20,22,X; test chromosomes 3,6,9,12,16,18,19,21. This is downstream evaluation separation, not a held-out reference-genome claim for the distilled backbone.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
Allowed inputs and adaptationAlphaGenome splicing/RNA variant-score features plus a tissue-specific splice-site expression indicator; AbSplice is retrained on the same split.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
Metrics as reportedauprcAlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
AggregationPooled auPRC across GTEx tissues after assigning positive variants their observed tissues and negatives tissues sampled to match the positive tissue distribution.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
UncertaintyNot reported for these summary-table scores. · Not reported in inspected sourcesAlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
Entity typeprotocol
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BaselinesNot extracted or verified for this record.

How it works

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction: evaluation procedure

Conceptual summary of the cited procedure; model-specific conditions are given below.

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction: evaluation procedurePair rare variants with outlier labels. Then: Apply chromosome partition. Then: Fit score-feature classifier. Then: Evaluate pooled tissue-assigned auPRCPair rare variants with outlierlabelsApply chromosome partitionFit score-feature classifierEvaluate pooled tissue-assignedauPRC
Read the diagram as text
  1. Pair rare variants with outlier labels
  2. Apply chromosome partition
  3. Fit score-feature classifier
  4. Evaluate pooled tissue-assigned auPRC
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

What is tested

Can rare variants associated with abnormal splicing be distinguished from other rare variants?

AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Procedure

Fit an Explainable Boosting Classifier on the training/validation data and evaluate the held-out variants.

AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Tested models and results

Release 2026-09-17-a757f4af4277 · 2 evaluations · 2 metric rows. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Results grouped by the exact reported evaluation
Metric and findingCoverage and uncertaintyEvidence
AbSplice: retrained AbSplice (paper Table 4): Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction

Fit an Explainable Boosting Classifier on the training/validation data and evaluate the held-out variants.

Author-reported evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review

0.251 auprc

Unit: dimensionless · Direction: higher

Aggregation: Pooled auPRC across GTEx tissues after assigning positive variants their observed tissues and negatives tissues sampled to match the positive tissue distribution.

Uncertainty: unreported

Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported

source checkedAlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!L7

Source checking is not independent reproduction.

AlphaGenome variant scores plus expressed-splice-site feature → Explainable Boosting Classifier: Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction

Fit an Explainable Boosting Classifier on the training/validation data and evaluate the held-out variants.

Author-reported evaluation · Evaluation metadata: needs review

0.28 auprc

Unit: dimensionless · Direction: higher

Aggregation: Pooled auPRC across GTEx tissues after assigning positive variants their observed tissues and negatives tissues sampled to match the positive tissue distribution.

Uncertainty: unreported

Scored: Not reported · Eligible: Not reported

source checkedAlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!M7

Source checking is not independent reproduction.

Strengths and limitations

Strengths and considerations

No source-reviewed explanatory claims are recorded here yet.

Limitations and conditions

  • Rare-variant/junction proximity and outlier calls provide association labels, not proof every nearby variant causes the outlier. Supervised and zero-shot scores use the same test subset but different allowed inputs.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
  • This is an author-reported protocol, not a rewire rerun. Different datasets, processing and adaptations cannot support an unrestricted leaderboard.AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables; AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods; alphagenome: Journal full-text XML · 'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7
Profile review details

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Stable record: alphagenome-2026-t4-protocol-6

Evidence table

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42 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-09-17-a757f4af4277
Property and statementOriginal source and locationReview and provenance
Diagram caption

Conceptual summary of the cited procedure; model-specific conditions are given below.

Individual claims
alphagenome: Journal full-text XML

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Retrieved page snapshot; no immutable publisher revision supplied
Retrieved: 2026-09-16T19:53:03.009088+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

Audit details

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Field: attributes.profile.diagram.caption

Source artifact SHA-256: d159b791fc6cb7b679c151727b7b05a6e5b6388b08a89b675014983d85b6df36

Hash scope: SHA-256 of retrieved original artifact bytes

Format: original_artifact

Inspected artifact

Diagram caption

Conceptual summary of the cited procedure; model-specific conditions are given below.

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Supplement to Nature version of record, 28 January 2026; content hash pinned
Retrieved: 2026-09-17T06:37:01.778972+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

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Hash scope: SHA-256 of exact publisher PDF bytes

Format: original_pdf

Inspected artifact

Diagram caption

Conceptual summary of the cited procedure; model-specific conditions are given below.

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Nature version of record, 28 January 2026
Retrieved: 2026-09-17T06:31:06.887921+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

Audit details

Primary-source transcription and separate automated source review. No human sign-off or independent experimental reproduction.

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Source artifact SHA-256: 833cb78b6ae6fe39415cfff296ac00c48d800326139f13eb307531a1cc133154

Hash scope: SHA-256 of exact retrieved original artifact bytes

Format: xlsx

Inspected artifact

Diagram steps

["Pair rare variants with outlier labels","Apply chromosome partition","Fit score-feature classifier","Evaluate pooled tissue-assigned auPRC"]

Individual claims
alphagenome: Journal full-text XML

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

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Retrieved: 2026-09-16T19:53:03.009088+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

Audit details

Primary-source transcription and separate automated source review. No human sign-off or independent experimental reproduction.

Field: attributes.profile.diagram.steps

Source artifact SHA-256: d159b791fc6cb7b679c151727b7b05a6e5b6388b08a89b675014983d85b6df36

Hash scope: SHA-256 of retrieved original artifact bytes

Format: original_artifact

Inspected artifact

Diagram steps

["Pair rare variants with outlier labels","Apply chromosome partition","Fit score-feature classifier","Evaluate pooled tissue-assigned auPRC"]

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

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automated source review · 2026-09-17

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Hash scope: SHA-256 of exact publisher PDF bytes

Format: original_pdf

Inspected artifact

Diagram steps

["Pair rare variants with outlier labels","Apply chromosome partition","Fit score-feature classifier","Evaluate pooled tissue-assigned auPRC"]

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

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Diagram title

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction: evaluation procedure

Individual claims
alphagenome: Journal full-text XML

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

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Hash scope: SHA-256 of retrieved original artifact bytes

Format: original_artifact

Inspected artifact

Diagram title

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction: evaluation procedure

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary methods

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

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Version: Supplement to Nature version of record, 28 January 2026; content hash pinned
Retrieved: 2026-09-17T06:37:01.778972+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

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Primary-source transcription and separate automated source review. No human sign-off or independent experimental reproduction.

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Source artifact SHA-256: 86b2e6a07543e3c201e2e157a3e9c6eb5235ff13eb8a5224f6fcb6fe1808d4c0

Hash scope: SHA-256 of exact publisher PDF bytes

Format: original_pdf

Inspected artifact

Diagram title

Supervised GTEx splicing-outlier prediction: evaluation procedure

Individual claims
AlphaGenome Nature 2026 supplementary comparison tables

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Nature version of record, 28 January 2026
Retrieved: 2026-09-17T06:31:06.887921+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

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Primary-source transcription and separate automated source review. No human sign-off or independent experimental reproduction.

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Hash scope: SHA-256 of exact retrieved original artifact bytes

Format: xlsx

Inspected artifact

Dataset and biological context

GTEx RNA-seq reprocessed with FRASER2.0/DROP1.3.3; rare variants near aberrant junctions paired by individual, following AbSplice processing.

Individual claims
alphagenome: Journal full-text XML

Original source ↗

'Suppl Table 4 Variant performan'!A7:P7; Supplementary Methods p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; Supplementary Methods p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.31, Splicing Outliers from GTEx; methods: p.30, Chromosome Splits for Variant Benchmarks; paper: Fig.1e; tables: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan; evaluation index 6; sheet rows 7

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

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Retrieved: 2026-09-16T19:53:03.009088+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-17

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Primary-source transcription and separate automated source review. No human sign-off or independent experimental reproduction.

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Hash scope: SHA-256 of retrieved original artifact bytes

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Sources and history

Release 2026-09-17-a757f4af4277 · Record review: needs review

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Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: alphagenome-2026-t4-protocol-6

areas
dna-genomes
entity level
protocol
version
Nature version of record, 28 January 2026
source evaluation index
6
source table
4
reference levels
metric: auprc; printed value: 0.0054; numeric value: 5.4000000000000003E-3; source locator: Suppl Table 4 Variant performan!J7; note: Source reference quantity for relative-performance calculation, not a measured baseline run.
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